An Question Of Academic Integrity - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 488 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/05/08 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Integrity Essay Did you like this example? From many years collages have face cheating and plagiarism issues all over Canada and mostly collages were not able to decide that how should we take this because collages did their best to make the students understand the subjects but many students were bond to cheating , they did not want to work hard and succeed in spite of that they wanted to copy other students work. Many institutes faced these types of problems and all this led to the making of Academic Integrity Academic Integrity is the moral code or ethical policy of academia. This includes values such as avoidance of cheating or plagiarism; maintenance of academic standards; honesty and rigor in research and academic publishing. Many collages, school and universities have been enforcing this on their students and this plays an important role in students life and it also nourishes the reputation of that respective institute. These rules and regulations try to make an impression on students mind that cheating is not good for them and all that strictness also gives them a sense of fear that pulled them away from copying other students work and it not only helps the student who cheats but it also gives the student a lesson who makes him cheat because the rules are same for both the people who cheats and also for who makes him cheat. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "An Question Of Academic Integrity" essay for you Create order After all this restrictions and rules, the fundamental academic work you will do will reflect youre your responsible behavior and honesty. And occasionally you will fell. Overwhelmed by the amount of work you need to accomplish, it may give you a lot amount of stress because sometimes you have to submit many assignments at a time but after all the work will be done by your own knowledge then you will feel confident about the work you did and it will pay you sooner or later because knowledge is one thing that will always help you. Its always for you own good One of the disadvantages of Academic Integrity is that it requires the comprehensive support of management to be effective. If the members of the management decide to apply their own version of ethics to the way they manage their subjects, then the clash of principles can cause confusion in the schools. For example, a teacher decides to give marks to the person who is plagiarizing others work then it is a harm or if she is not stopping the student who is cheating in the test then it is unfair to other students and also to the career of the student who is cheating. These kinds of things happen to undermine the whole system. The other disadvantage of this is that developing, implementing and maintaining an ethics compliance program within your organization can be expensive and time-consuming. Ethics policies need to be continually updated to reflect the changes in the collage laws and changes in your company culture as the organization.

The Success And Failure Of Change - 922 Words

IV. Evaluation: (20%) 800 Explain and justify whether you consider the change to have been a success or some kind of failure (if the latter, state which kind). If possible, make use of your earlier outline of costs and benefits. Understanding the success and failure of change. We could classify the failures of change as follows (Richard Duncombe handout Session 3, page 9): 1. Total failure 2. Partial failure 3. Sustainability failure 4. Replicability failure 5. Moral failure According to all the change assessments†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. The Reform Corner programme builds and plans with the aims to address those problems that mentioned above in the problem statement, even though constraints also occurs during this programme implemented.†¦show more content†¦In the other words there is a stereotype of people’s motivation of learning that very low. However, the positive sides of the forum are related with its contents that quite varied and another thing is the role of the IT (source from recapitulation of the records/notes of Reform Corner program). A low motivation on learning could be identify as one of form of soft resistance to change. To overcome the resistance to change, in the same view with Kanter (1983) what have been done in the ministry was wear the people down, by choose them become the agents of change. Instead exclude them from the change process , instead actively involve them in the process of change, become agent of change enforce them to be the first to do the change and give real example to other officials. How does the outcome of change fit with your change assessment. How effective was your change assessment model/theory in predicting the actual outcome of change, and uncovering the reasons for success/failure? In retrospect, what lessons have been learned? Are there ways in which the change could have been handled better? Does the case suggest any lessons for the change assessment model you have utilized? Sharifuddin et.al. (2004) argument might true, relatively very little information on knowledge management in the public sector, and even less in developing countries, KM forum in Indonesia start

Marketing Plan for New BMW M4 CS Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Plan for New BMW M4 CS. Answer: Overview Over the years the BMW Company has established itself as one of the worlds leading provider of elegant high-performance cars. The company will be releasing its new BMW M4 CS on the fourth quarter of the year 2017 and the car promises to deliver on all fronts in which the BMW brand is famous for (BMW M4 CS, 2017). The M4 CS is a part of the BMW M GmbH model of cars that keep the companies tradition of high performance, elegantly designed luxurious vehicles. The origins of the M4 CS can be traced back to the BMW M3 Evolution of the popular E30 Series (Dolor, 2017). To ensure high standards of quality and that the car maintains its ascribed value, the production run will be limited and implying that the model will not be mass produced. The gene of the BMW M4 CS from the BMW M4 GTS line is seamlessly united with the operational day to day suitability of the popular four-seat BMW M4 Coupe (Dolor, 2017). With a complete integration of M series technologies and elegant aerodynamic lightweight carbon fiber parts, the M4 CS can effectively complete the famous North loop of Nrburgring in 7.38 minutes without affecting its performance (Dolor, 2017). This car promises to redefine the concept of high performance in the street. Based on the information available on the M4 CS andBMW marketing data, this paper will provide aneffective marketing plan for the BMW M4 CS. In developing the marketing plan the paper will integrate elements of the marketing concept, therefore, ensuring the delivery of an all-rounded marketing strategy for the company to employ. Marketing Objectives In the development of an effective marketing plan, the company needs to first establish its marketing objectives. This will serve to ensure that the marketing plan is in line with the companys marketing objectives. Due to the fact that the BMW M4 CS series is a new product in the market: The first objective of an efficient marketing plan should be to identify the target market for the product. This will enable the company in developing an efficient customer acquisition strategy. The second objective for the company should be to the development of brand awareness. This entails educating the target clientele base on the existence of the car. The third and final objective should be obtaining sales. Identification of Target Market The BMW Company utilizes a single segment marketing strategy (BMW Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning, 2017). In this strategy, the company develops high-end vehicles which are sold to a wealthy clientele base (BMW Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning, 2017). As indicated in the introductory section of the paper, the BMW M4 CS is a high-end luxury car that was designed and developed with the principles of the BMW brand in mind. With a price tag of $211, 610 before on-road costs which stand at $80,000, the company should primarily target its high-end clientele consumer base which consists of individuals in the upper-class echelons of society (Tripolone, 2017). This is largely due to the fact that a significant percentage of the society would not be able to afford the car given its off-road maintenance cost. The sporty interior which serves to contribute to the athletic exclusivity of the car also serves to make it suitable the company to target wealthy individuals who are sports lovers. Based on the information provided above it is logical to conclude that the target market for the company should be men and women who are aged between 28-50 years and exists in the upper-class regions of society. Brand Awareness Once the organization has identified the target market for its product, the next step in any effective marketing strategy is informing the target market of the existence of the product. In doing this the organization seeks to educate the consumer on the benefits of the product and why he/she should acquire the product (Baker, Saren, 2016). This section of the paper will provide a discussion on the various ways through which the company can be able to reach its consumer base, the type of message the company should communicate and the manner of persuading the consumer to purchase the product. Communication Medium Communication mediums are decided upon based on the target clientele base that the company seeks to sell its product to. Based on this, the company should utilize both conventional and non-conventional media in marketing the BMW M4 CS. Under the umbrella of conventional media, the company should utilize both T.V advertisements and magazine publications. Studies into vehicle sales have revealed that the use f television advertisements are one of the most effective avenues of marketing as through this avenue the company is able to exhibit the vehicle in its operational state (Kretchmer, 2004). The use of television advertisements will also enable the company to communicate to a significantly larger clientele base. Studies into consumer marketing have also revealed that a significant percentage of individuals who are aged 45 and above learn about new products primarily from television advertisements. The BMW M4 CS can also be marketed through magazine advertisements. According to the studies on vehicle sales, advertisements through magazines are the second most popular avenues through which motor vehicles are sold due to a large number of car lovers who subscribe to these magazines. The company can also market itself through social media platforms like Instagram where a significant percentage of young wealthy individuals interact. By marketing itself in social media platforms and websites the company will be able to effectively educate the target consumer base on the BMW M4 CS and as a result increase awareness of the product. Message Another integral element in marketing is the type of message that the company communicates to the consumer. The message is important as it helps to educate the target clientele base on the various features of the products and why they should purchase it. In developing the message the company should consider the five marketing concepts and how they relate with the product being sold. This section of the paper creates a marketing message for the BMW M4 CS that incorporates the five marketing concepts. Product Concept The primary idea behind the product concept of marketing is that consumers are more likely to favor products which are highly affordable and available (Dibb et al., 2005). However, in dealing with luxurious goods (goods of considerable value) the product concepts holds that the market is more likely to favor goods that are exclusive and expensive (Atwal, Williams, 2017). Based on this and the fact that the BMW M4 CS will be on a limited production run, it is logical to conclude that with regards to the production concept, the message for the M4 CS should be exclusivity. Studies into the purchasing behavior of the rich have revealed that the more limited a particular product is in the market the more appealing the product will be to them (Vigneron, Johnson, 2009). Therefore by limiting the production run for the vehicle, the BMW company will make the car more appealing to the wealthy. Launching the product under a limited production line will also serve to inflate its ascribed value as not a lot of people will be able to acquire one. This will ensure that the price tag that the company has set on the car is not watered down due to buyer apathy. Product Concept The principle of product concept holds that consumers are more likely to favor products that provide the most in terms of performance, quality and innovative feature (Houston, 2016). The BMW Company has developed a reputation for delivering quality products that have the latest in innovation and are capable of performing exemplary (Fournier, Dolan, 2007). These attributes have also been impacted on the BMW M4 CS which as indicated is capable of completing the North loop in 7.38 minutes without affecting its operational usability. This is considered to be quite impressive with regards to the car's performance. The car is also capable of accelerating from 0-100km/h in 3.9 seconds with a maximum power output of 338(460)/6.250* kW (Dolor, 2017). The performance of the car is also enhanced by the fact that it utilizes a high-performance M TwinPower Turbo 6-cylinder inline petrol engine that has a torque capacity of 600 Nm making the BMW M4 CS capable of reaching top speeds of 280km/h (Dolor, 2017). The cars high-performance levels are also driven by its electromechanical M Servotronic steering, a sporty M double clutch system and the Active M Differential (Dolor, 2017). These innovations make the car perform exceptionally both on the road and on the track. Based on this it is logical to conclude that the BMW M4 CS meets all the criteria set by the product concept and thus the message should emphasize its performance, innovations and the quality of the car. Marketing Concept The marketing concept holds that for an organization to achieve its goals it needs to be able to know what the target market requires and delivering the product in a manner that is better than the competitors (Foreman, Money, 2015). Over the years, the BMW company has established itself as a major player in the luxury automotive sector and as a result of this, it has been able to develop an in-depth understanding of the needs of consumers who occupy the high-end segments. The BMW M4 CS is an upgrade of the existing BMW M4 series. The decision to develop the M4 CS was made after the organization conducted in-depth research into the needs of the consumer segment it was servicing with the M4 series. Based on this it is logical to conclude that the BMW M4 CS is capable of effectively satisfying the needs of its target consumer base in a manner that is better than that of the existing competition. Sales concept The sales concept holds that clients will not purchase enough of a companys products unless the company undertakes a large scale promotion and selling campaign (Armstrong et al., 2015). However, this concept does not apply when dealing with products that are under a limited production run. Products under a limited production run are not meant for the mass market but a select category of individuals and as a result of this, there is no need of engaging in massive marketing campaigns. When selling the BMW M4 CS, the company should focus more on establishing relationships with its targeted clientele base than on sales transaction. This will help ensure the product appeals more to the targeted high-end clientele base. Studies into the purchase behaviors of wealthy individuals have indicated that wealthy individuals prefer organizations that seek to establish long-term relationships with them than those whose primary objectives is to make sales (Kapferer, Bastien, 2012). Making Sales The final step of any effective marketing plan is determining how the company would make the sale to the consumer. To determine how a company should best sell its products one review the products positioning in the market, the targeted consumer base and the market in which the company operates. As already indicated in the paper, the BMW M4 CS is meant for a limited high-end clientele base. The company has positioned the product as an exclusive high-performance vehicle that is for the wealthy individuals in society. Based on this, the BMW M4 CS should be sold in car dealerships that cater to a high-end consumer base. This will ensure that the car is sold in an environment its target clientele base can be found. The product should also be sold on a made to order basis where clients purchase the cars when they are still on the assembly line. This has proven to be an effective marketing strategy for high-end products as the manufacturer is able to customize the product to meet the specific clients requirements (Chandon, Laurent, Valette-Florence, 2016). Finally, the car should be sold in markets that are known to have a demand for high-end vehicles and where the company already has a market presence (Oliver et al., 2010). Some of the countries where the BMW M4 CS can be sold are Dubai and the greater Middle East region, China, the U.S, and Russia. By focusing on these countries the company will be able to achieve success with the marketing of the BMW M4 CS. References Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M., Brennan, R. (2015).Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education. Baker, M. J., Saren, M. (Eds.). (2016).Marketing theory: a student text. Sage. Atwal, G., Williams, A. (2017). Luxury brand marketingthe experience is everything!. InAdvances in Luxury Brand Management(pp. 43-57). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. Chandon, J. L., Laurent, G., Valette-Florence, P. (2016). Pursuing the concept of luxury: Introduction to the JBR Special Issue on Luxury Marketing from Tradition to Innovation.Journal of Business Research,69(1), 299-303. Vigneron, F., Johnson, L. W. (2009). A review and a conceptual framework of prestige-seeking consumer behavior.Academy of Marketing Science Review,1999, 1. Foreman, S. K., Money, A. H. (2015). Internal marketing: concepts, measurement and application.Journal of marketing management,11(8), 755-768. Dibb, S., Simkin, L., Pride, W. M., Ferrell, O. C. (2005).Marketing: Concepts and strategies(p. 850). Houghton Mifflin. Fournier, S., Dolan, R. J. (2007).Launching the BMW Z3 roadster. Harvard Business School Publishing. Oliver, J. D., Rosen, D. E. (2010). Applying the environmental propensity framework: A segmented approach to hybrid electric vehicle marketing strategies.Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice,18(4), 377-393. Kretchmer, S. B. (2004). Advertainment: The evolution of product placement as a mass media marketing strategy.Journal of Promotion Management,10(1-2), 37-54. Kapferer, J. N., Bastien, V. (2012).The luxury strategy: break the rules of marketing to build luxury brands. Kogan page publishers. Tripolone, D. (2017, July 31). New BMW M4 CS price revealed. Retrieved October 04, 2017, from https://www.drive.com.au/motor-news/more-powerful-bmw-m4-s-price-revealed-64770.html Dolor, L. I. ( 2017). ADRENALINE COMES WITH 4 SEATS. Retrieved October 04, 2017, from https://www.bmw.com/en/all-models/m-series/m4-coupe/2017/bmw-m4-cs.html BMW Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning. (2017, January 06). Retrieved October 04, 2017, from https://research-methodology.net/bmw-segmentation-targeting-and-positioning/ BMW M4 CS. (2017). Retrieved October 04, 2017, from https://www.bmwblog.com/tag/bmw-m4-cs/ Houston, F. S. (2016). The marketing concept: what it is and what it is not.The Journal of Marketing, 81-87.

Globalization Essay Example

Globalization Essay An Economic Education Newsletter from the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Crossing Borders: The Globalization Debate Lesson PLan Inside the Vault—spring 2008 Crossing Borders: The Globalization Debate As published in Inside the Vault, Volume 13, Issue 1, Spring 08 lobalization can be defined as a phenomenon of increased economic integration among nations, characterized by the movement of people, ideas, social customs and products across borders. This phenomenon has a long history, dating back to the trade routes developed during the Roman Empire, as well as those pioneered by Marco Polo or ocean voyagers like Columbus and Magellan.Globalization has been crucial for economic growth over time. In his influential study â€Å"The World Economy: A Millennial Perspective,† the noted economic historian Angus Maddison argued that economic advancement across time was sustained by three interactive processes: t †¢ heconquestorsettlementofrelativelyemptyareasthat had fertil e land, new biological resources or a potential to accommodate transfers of population, crops and livestock; †¢ internationaltradeandcapitalmovements;and †¢ technologicalandinstitutionalinnovations.As Maddison and others have noted, technological innovations have played a key role in spurring previous globalization episodes. Transfers of technology from Asia and Egypt—such as silk, spices, textiles, glass blowing and rice—helped Venice and its colonies play a key role in the development of Europe. As economic integration spread across continents, political and financial institutions evolved to enhance and regulate the global marketplace. The current globalization period, which more or less began in the late 1960s, contains many of the same aspects of earlier episodes.Reduced transportation costs, the opening of new International Trade Exposure: United States and the Rest of the World World except U. S. % of GDP G U. S. 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 1975 1980 1985 1 990 1995 2000 2005 markets (such as Asia, Eastern Europe and South America), and the general lowering of tariffs worldwide have helped boost international trade as a share of domestic economic activity. A key development behind the current globalization wave is the revolution in information and communication technologies (ICT).Although shipping merchandise goods is still the dominant form of trade between countries, trade in services that takes place across transoceanic cables or by satellite is of increasing importance. The increased openness of the United States and the rest of the world to international trade can be seen in the figure on this page, which shows the sum of imports and exports of goods and services as a share of all goods and services produced annually in the United States—a figure known as Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Whereas the U. S. hare of trade is a littlemorethanaquarterofGDP,therestoftheworld’sexposure to international trade is much larger: 70 percent. The Benefits of Globalization The benefits of globalization are essentially based on the benefits of free trade. International trade is beneficial because 2 Continued on Page 3 NOTE: Trade is the sum of merchandise and commercial services imports and exports. SOURCES: World Bank World Development Indicators and author’s calculations Permission is granted to reprint or photocopy this lesson in its entirety for educational purposes, provided the user credits the Federal Reserve Bank of St.Louis, www. stlouisfed. org/education Inside the Vault—spring 2008 of the principle of comparative advantage, which allows a country to specialize in the activities that it does best, given its labor, natural resources and technology. The estimated net benefits that flow from free trade are substantial. According to a study by economists Bradford, Grieco and Hufbauer, international trade has increased real household income by between $7,000 and $13,000. Removing all existing b arriers to trade, they argue, would produce an additional real income gain of between $4,000 and $12,000.In addition to the fact that people and nations can produce more goods and services when they specialize, thereby increasing the total amount of goods and services produced worldwide, free trade also increases the variety of goods and services available to consumers. Without trade, coffee drinkers in the United States would pay much higher prices becausethenation’ssupplywoulddependsolelyonHawaiian or Puerto Rican sources. Scarce resources would need to be redirected to produce more coffee, leaving fewer resources to produce other goods and services.Similarly, Honda or BMW drivers would be forced to drive Chevrolets or Fords. Given that technological innovation in the automotive industry, as well as other industries, often arisefromcompetition,thequalityofcarsmightalsobe much lower for all car manufacturers. The competitive forces of globalization have also been important f actors in boosting U. S. labor productivity growth in recent years. This growth can occur in a couple of ways. First, increased competition spurs domestic firms to invest in equipmentandsoftwareembodiedwiththelatesttechnology.Second, moving less-skilled labor to low-wage countries increases the relative demand for higher-skilled, higherproductivity labor. Proponents of globalization argue that increased economic integration benefits workers in relatively poor countries by providing them access to new ideas and new technologies; this exposure increases their productivity and real wages. According to Harvard professor Xavier Sala-i-Martin, this has helped toreduceworldincomeinequalityoverthepast20years. that can be done much cheaper overseas, such as making products like T-shirts or baseballs or reading service manuals at call centers.Since high-skilled workers are paid a premium for their labor, moving lower-skilled work offshore increases the domestic demand for higher-skilled worke rs relative to lower-skilled workers. Only one-third of the current U. S. labor force has graduated from college, however, and increasing that percentage will take time. At the end of WWII, the college-educated share of the labor force was 6 percent. At that rate, economists predict that reaching 50 percent of the labor force will not come about until 2047. Onepotentialconsequenceofthisisrisingincome inequalitybetweenlow-skilledandhigh-skilledworkers.According to the Organisation for Economic Cooperation andDevelopment(OECD),increasesinincomeinequality have been most pronounced in the United States, the United Kingdom and some smaller European countries. Increases in the demand for skilled labor are clear market-based incentives for workers to boost their education levels and, perhaps, for firms to increase their workforce training. The demand for high-skilled workers over the long run can also be boosted by research and development, which is often the genesis of new ideas that boos t economic growth and living standards over time.A key difference between the current globalization episode and those from the past is the sheer magnitude of the number of workers who have entered the labor pool. The rise of China and India as important exporters of goods and services means that many of their workers are now directly competing with workers in countries like the United States, Japan or Mexico. Economically, an increase in the supply of labor puts downward pressure on wages assuming no change in labor demand. ConclusionAs global competition has increased, so have the voices of protectionism. Ultimately, policymakers must decide whether the costs of maintaining relatively free trade—by expanding public programs to compensate the losers of trade, or those who perceive themselves as losers—is a small price to pay for maintaining a global economic system that has produced large benefits for most parts of the world. This article was adapted from Trading Barbs : A Primer on Globalization, which was written by Kevin Kliesen, an economist at the Federal Reserve Bank of St.Louis, and was published in the October 2007 issue of The Regional Economist, a St. Louis Fed publication. The Downside of Globalization Although free trade benefits society because it increases the world output of goods and services, it also creates losers in certain industries which cannot compete with foreign manufacturers. The biggest losers are both the workers and the owners (shareholders) in these industries, such as the U. S. television manufacturing industry which could not compete with foreign competition.If producers can substitute a cheaper foreign source of labor relative to the domestic wage rate, many will choose to move their production overseas, creating increased unemployment. The largest unemployment effects are probably among lessskilled workers employed in ordinary production processes Permission is granted to reprint or photocopy this lesson in its en tirety for educational purposes, provided the user credits the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, www. stlouisfed. org/education. 3 Crossing Borders: The Globalization Debate | Spring 2008 Inside the Vault Lesson PlanLesson Description Students will consider both sides of the globalization debate—the benefits and the costs—by reading and discussing the article â€Å"Crossing Borders: The Globalization Debate† from the Spring 2008 issue of Inside the Vault. Working in groups, students will analyze statements regarding the benefits and costs of globalization, categorize the statements and discuss them. Concepts Benefits Costs Globalization objectives Students will:  ¦Ã‚ ¦  ¦Ã‚ ¦  ¦Ã‚ ¦ Define the terms globalization, benefits and costs. Identify the benefits of globalization. Identify the costs of globalization.Content standards national standards in economics  ¦Ã‚ ¦ Standard 2: Effective decision-making requires comparing the additional costs of alternati ves with the additional benefits. Most choices involve doing a little more or a little less of something; few choices are all-or-nothing decisions. Time Required 60 minutes Permission is granted to reprint or photocopy this lesson in its entirety for educational purposes, provided the user credits the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, www. stlouisfed. org/education 4 Crossing Borders: The Globalization Debate | Spring 2008 Inside the Vault Lesson PlanMaterials Required  ¦Ã‚ ¦ A copy of Visuals 1, 2, and 3, with each visual taped on a different wall around the classroom Copies of Handout 1, cut apart and shuffled to provide one card per pair of students A copy of Handout 1 that is not cut apart to serve as the answer guide for student discussion Copies of Handout 2 and 3 for each student One copy of the Handout 2 answer key for the teacher Copies for each student of the article â€Å"Crossing Borders: The Globalization Debate† from the Spring 2008 issue of Inside the Vault Tape Scissors  ¦Ã‚ ¦  ¦Ã‚ ¦  ¦Ã‚ ¦  ¦Ã‚ ¦  ¦Ã‚ ¦  ¦Ã‚ ¦  ¦Ã‚ ¦ Procedures 1.Define globalization as a phenomenon of increased economic integration among nations, characterized by the movement of people, ideas, social customs and products across borders. Discuss the following: †¢ What does the term â€Å"integration† mean? (Answers will vary but may include the bringing together of diverse individuals or groups, a blending into a functioning or unified whole, a uniting) †¢ Economic integration is a blending of economies in production processes, inputs, outputs and trade across borders. †¢ There is a long history of globalization going back to historic Roman trade routes. Globalization has been crucial for economic growth over time. 2. Divide students into two groups—a benefits group and a costs group. Define a benefit as something that is favorable to a decision-maker. Define a cost as something unfavorable to a decision-maker. Tell students to read the article â€Å"Crossing Borders: The Globalization Debate† from the Spring 2008 issue of Inside the Vault. Direct the benefits group to highlight or underline arguments identifying the benefits of globalization mentioned in the article, and direct the costs group to highlight or underline arguments identifying the costs of globalization.After students have read the article, ask the following: Permission is granted to reprint or photocopy this lesson in its entirety for educational purposes, provided the user credits the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, www. stlouisfed. org/education 5 Crossing Borders: The Globalization Debate | Spring 2008 Inside the Vault Lesson Plan †¢ Have you ever traded part of your lunch for some of your friend’s lunch? Why? (Answers may include: â€Å"I got something I liked better. †) †¢ Conclude that an individual traded because it benefited him/her. 3.Point out that globalization has been occurring for many cen turies, and benefits to society have come about because of globalization. Remind students that a benefit is something that is favorable to a decision-maker. Write the following on the board: faster ships, new trade routes, new goods, new products, new tools, new technology. Ask the following: †¢ Based on the article â€Å"Crossing Borders,† what do the phrases on the board have in common? (Answers may vary but may include the fact that all of these changes resulted in new and better goods and services that society would not have had were it not for trade, a better standard of living, etc. 5. Remind students that a cost is something that is unfavorable to the decision-maker. Ask students what some of the costs of trading their lunch were—e. g. , what they had to give up. (Answers may include the part of the student’s lunch that he had to give up for the trade, the time and effort involved in making the trade, the risk that the student would not like the lunc h he traded for more than what he brought, etc. ) Point out that there were also societal costs when globalization occurred. Discuss the following: †¢ What might be some costs that society incurred as a result of globalization? Answers may vary but might include spread of disease, exposure to new religions and cultures, increase in the gap between more educated/higher-income people and less educated/lower-income people, loss of jobs to those who can’t compete with foreign labor and the risk that a foreign competitor will â€Å"build a better mousetrap. †) 6. Pair each student from the original benefits group with one student from the original costs group. Assign one student to be the reader and the other to be the reporter for the pair. Give each pair a card from Handout 1: Benefits and Costs of Globalization Statements.Point out that there are three signs on different walls in the classroom—â€Å"Benefits,† â€Å"Costs† and â€Å"Undecided. † Tell the student pairs to read their cards, discuss the information on the cards and, using their highlighted article as a reference, decide if the information the card describes is a cost or a benefit of globalization. Once they have decided as a pair, the students should take their card and stand by the sign 4. Permission is granted to reprint or photocopy this lesson in its entirety for educational purposes, provided the user credits the Federal Reserve Bank of St.Louis, www. stlouisfed. org/education 6 Crossing Borders: The Globalization Debate | Spring 2008 Inside the Vault Lesson Plan that they think is the best representation of their statement. If they aren’t certain whether their card describes a benefit or a cost, they should stand by the â€Å"Undecided† sign. (Note: If you have more cards than pairs of students, give some pairs two cards. ) 7. Beginning with a pair standing in the â€Å"Benefits† group, have the reader for the pair read the c ard and the reporter explain why the card describes a benefit.Ask the rest of the class if they agree with the pair’s decision. Refer to a copy of Handout 1 to check student responses. After all pairs in the â€Å"Benefits† group have participated, move to a pair standing in the â€Å"Costs† group and repeat the process. Continue until all pairs in the â€Å"Costs† groups have participated. Conduct the same process with students in the â€Å"Undecided† group. Have the class decide whether the pair should move to the â€Å"Benefits† group, move to the â€Å"Costs† group or remain in the â€Å"Undecided† group (if the class agrees that the statement might be a cost to some and a benefit to others).Note: Although a statement may be listed on Handout 1 as a benefit or a cost, students may correctly explain the statement is a cost to some and a benefit to others. For example, the statement, â€Å"Services such as voice mail or data entry can be moved offshore to countries where the average wage is much lower† may be interpreted as a cost to those individuals who lose jobs to the foreign provider and to consumers who perceive the service to be of lower quality due to language barriers. On the other hand, the statement may be interpreted as a benefit to those service companies and their shareholders because their costs of production are reduced. . Closure 9. Review the definitions of globalization, benefits and costs: †¢ Globalization is a phenomenon of increased economic integration among nations, characterized by the movement of people, ideas, social customs and products across borders. †¢ A benefit is something favorable to a decision-maker. †¢ A cost is something that is unfavorable to a decision-maker. 10. Remind students that the article pointed out benefits such as innovations and technologies that have come about because of globalization. Ask students to identify some benefits of gl obalization today. Answers may include that there are more goods and services available to society due to globalization, that there is a greater variety of goods and services available, that global competition may have enhanced the quality of goods and services or that globalization creates economic integration, which may lead to better international relations. ) Permission is granted to reprint or photocopy this lesson in its entirety for educational purposes, provided the user credits the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, www. stlouisfed. org/education 7Crossing Borders: The Globalization Debate | Spring 2008 Inside the Vault Lesson Plan 11. Remind students that the article described how navigation technology fostered globalization in historical times. Ask students to identify how current technology such as the computer, the internet and instant messaging fosters globalization in the same way that navigation technology fostered globalization in historical times. (Answers may vary but may include the fact that these technologies increase communication and provide relatively inexpensive ways to transport information. Ask students to identify some costs of globalization today. (Answers may include increased environmental concerns such as pollution or global warming, dependence on foreign producers, or the risk that a foreign competitor can replace a domestic supplier of goods or services. ) 12. assessment: 13. Distribute a copy of Handout 2: Benefits and Costs of Globalization—Assessment . Allow time for students to work individually or in their original pairs. Review their answers by using Handout 2: Answer Key. Distribute a copy of Handout 3: Joseph Conrad vs. John Donne.Direct students to follow the instructions on the handout. 14. Permission is granted to reprint or photocopy this lesson in its entirety for educational purposes, provided the user credits the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, www. stlouisfed. org/education 8 Crossing Borders: The Gl obalization Debate | Spring 2008 Inside the Vault Lesson Plan Handout 1: Benefits and Costs of Globalization statements Benefit statements International trade is beneficial because it allows a country to specialize in activities it does best, given its endowments of labor, natural resources and technology.International trade has increased real household income by between $7,000 and $13,000 since the end of WWII. Innovations in software and the development of the internet have allowed firms to more easily import services that they used to produce themselves. Trade increases the variety of goods and services available to consumers. The quality of today’s automobiles is the result of technological advances due to competition in the international marketplace. Services such as voice mail or data entry can be moved offshore to countries where the average wage is much lower.Economic efficiency is increased when resources are allowed to flow to their most productive uses. Globalizati on helps workers in relatively poor countries by providing them access to new ideas and technologies, which increases their productivity and real wages. Permission is granted to reprint or photocopy this lesson in its entirety for educational purposes, provided the user credits the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, www. stlouisfed. org/education 12 Crossing Borders: The Globalization Debate | Spring 2008 Inside the Vault Lesson Plan Handout 1: Benefits and Costs of Globalization statements—Continued Cost statementsLosers in globalization can be owners of capital (shareholders) in industries that cannot compete with foreign manufacturers. Faced with unemployment, workers in declining industries will need temporary assistance (unemployment benefits) and longer-term assistance (education)— additional costs that the worker and society may bear. Increased economic uncertainty among workers may spur legislation to limit the import of goods and services (rising protectionism ). A rise in the domestic wage rate will cause a much larger decline in the quantity of domestic labor demanded because firms can now substitute a cheaper foreign source of labor.One potential consequence of the development of high-skilled labor is the rising income inequality between low-skilled and high-skilled workers. Sometimes achieving an efficient outcome requires the winners of free trade to compensate the losers. Because many public policymakers and workers evidently associate rising inequality with globalization, some economists argue that additional steps are needed to prevent further erosion in the public’s support for international trade. Traditional responses to economic dislocation caused by international trade are job retraining, wage insurance or temporary income assistance.Permission is granted to reprint or photocopy this lesson in its entirety for educational purposes, provided the user credits the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, www. stlouisfed. org/ed ucation 13 Crossing Borders: The Globalization Debate | Spring 2008 Inside the Vault Lesson Plan Handout 2: Benefits and Costs of Globalization—assessment For each statement below, identify whether a benefit or a cost is being described and circle the appropriate term. An example is below. Example: Most economists have stressed the long-term reward of increased education, which seems to be a necessary ingredient for the creation of new ideas.Benefit Cost 1. Low-skilled workers may face rising income inequality compared with high-skilled workers. Benefit Cost 2. Moving less-skilled labor to low-wage countries increases the relative demand for higher-skilled, higher-productivity labor. Benefit Cost 3. Without competition from international trade, automobile quality would probably not be as good as it is today. Benefit Cost 4. Increases in the demand for skilled labor are clear market-based incentives to workers to boost their education levels. Benefit Cost 5.The quality of toda y’s computers is due to technological advances caused by competition in the international marketplace. Benefit Cost 6. Chief among the losers of globalization are owners of capital (shareholders) in industries that cannot compete with foreign manufacturers. Benefit Cost Permission is granted to reprint or photocopy this lesson in its entirety for educational purposes, provided the user credits the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, www. stlouisfed. org/education 14 Crossing Borders: The Globalization Debate | Spring 2008 Inside the Vault Lesson Plan 7.Faced with unemployment, workers in declining industries will need temporary assistance (unemployment benefits) and longer-term assistance (education)—additional costs that the worker and society must bear. Benefit Cost 8. Relaxing restrictions on the mobility of labor across borders would produce an additional real income gain of between $4,000 and $12,000 per household. Benefit Cost 9. Traditional responses to economic dislocation caused by international trade include job retraining, wage insurance or temporary income assistance, such as that offered through the Trade Adjustment Act.Benefit Cost 10. People and nations can produce more goods and services when they specialize. Benefit Cost Permission is granted to reprint or photocopy this lesson in its entirety for educational purposes, provided the user credits the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, www. stlouisfed. org/education 15 Crossing Borders: The Globalization Debate | Spring 2008 Inside the Vault Lesson Plan Handout 2: Benefits and Costs of Globalization—assessment—answer Key The correct answers are circled. 1. Low-skilled workers may face rising income inequality compared with high-skilled workers.Benefit Cost 2. Moving less-skilled labor to low-wage countries increases the relative demand for higher-skilled, higher-productivity labor. Benefit Cost 3. Without competition from international trade, automobile quality would pr obably not be as good as it is today. Benefit Cost 4. Increases in the demand for skilled labor are clear market-based incentives to workers to boost their education levels. Benefit Cost 5. The quality of today’s computers is due to technological advances caused by competition in the international marketplace. Benefit Cost 6.Chief among the losers of globalization are owners of capital (shareholders) in industries that cannot compete with foreign manufacturers. Benefit Cost 7. Faced with unemployment, workers in declining industries will need temporary assistance (unemployment benefits) and longer-term assistance (education)—additional costs that the worker and society must bear. Benefit Cost Permission is granted to reprint or photocopy this lesson in its entirety for educational purposes, provided the user credits the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, www. stlouisfed. org/education 6 Crossing Borders: The Globalization Debate | Spring 2008 Inside the Vault Lesson Pl an 8. Relaxing restrictions on the mobility of labor across borders would produce an additional real income gain of between $4,000 and $12,000 per household. Benefit Cost 9. Traditional responses to economic dislocation caused by international trade include job retraining, wage insurance or temporary income assistance, such as that offered through the Trade Adjustment Act. Benefit Cost 10. People and nations can produce more goods and services when they specialize. Benefit CostPermission is granted to reprint or photocopy this lesson in its entirety for educational purposes, provided the user credits the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, www. stlouisfed. org/education 17 Crossing Borders: The Globalization Debate | Spring 2008 Inside the Vault Lesson Plan Handout 3: Joseph Conrad vs. John Donne Instructions: Choose the quotation below which best describes your opinion of globalization. Write one paragraph that includes:  ¦Ã‚ ¦  ¦Ã‚ ¦ the quotation you chose, your position regar ding whether the effect of globalization is a benefit or a cost to society and reasons for your position.  ¦ You may include direct quotes from the article â€Å"Crossing Borders. † If you do, be sure to use quotation marks. This quote from Joseph Conrad opens The Human Factor, by Graham Greene: â€Å"I only know that he who forms a tie is lost. The germ of corruption has entered into his soul. † This quote from John Donne (1572-1631) appears in Devotions Upon Emergent Occasions, Meditation XVII: â€Å"No man is an island, entire of itself †¦ every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main †¦ †Permission is granted to reprint or photocopy this lesson in its entirety for educational purposes, provided the user credits the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, www. stlouisfed. org/education 18 Crossing Borders: The Globalization Debate | Spring 2008 Inside the Vault Lesson Plan Visual 1: Benefits Benefits Permission is granted to reprint or phot ocopy this lesson in its entirety for educational purposes, provided the user credits the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, www. stlouisfed. org/education 9 Crossing Borders: The Globalization Debate | Spring 2008 Inside the Vault Lesson PlanVisual 2: Costs Costs Permission is granted to reprint or photocopy this lesson in its entirety for educational purposes, provided the user credits the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, www. stlouisfed. org/education 10 Crossing Borders: The Globalization Debate | Spring 2008 Inside the Vault Lesson Plan Visual 3: Undecided Undecided Permission is granted to reprint or photocopy this lesson in its entirety for educational purposes, provided the user credits the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, www. stlouisfed. org/education 11

Anorexia Nervosa Essays - Eating Disorders, Psychiatric Diagnosis

Anorexia Nervosa Essays - Eating Disorders, Psychiatric Diagnosis Anorexia Nervosa Many people suffer from the condition known as anorexia nervosa. Often the victims go through a number of symptoms that can lead to a serious amount of problems concerning a persons weight, happiness, and personality. People should keep a close eye out for anyone who shows signs of certain symptoms that become present later on in the future. What is Anorexia Nervosa? In medicine, Anorexia Nervosa is a condition characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight or becoming obese, along with a distorted body image, which leads to excessive weight loss from restricting food intake and exercising excessively. It is essentially self-starvation leading to a loss of body weight 15% below normal, accompanied with hyperactivity, hypothermia, and amenorrhea. Between 5 and 18 percent of known anorexia nervosa victims die of starvation, and the condition may also lead to abnormalities in the menstrual cycle and increased susceptibility to infection. (Bruch, 53) Anorexia is an illness of several causes. The weight loss that triggers the illness is often the result of either a normal diet (the sort that is typical of many normal adolescent girls) or unhappiness or illness. The personalities of those with the illness tend to be conformist, compliant, and hard working. These traits are usually accentuated by the disorder. The families of anorexics are mainly high achieving with high expectations of their children. They often seem to discourage individual growth and encourage conformity. There is frequently a failure to express emotional issues. There are often a lot of pressures such as exams when the illness starts and stresses arising from difficulties in relationships with friends are also common. (Claude-Pierre, 102) How does it develop? Perfectionist parents drive their children to be the best and the brightest. These parents fixate on order, prestige, power and/or perfect appearances. Depriving parents withhold attention and encouragement from their children. They love conditionally, giving affection when a child pleases them and withdrawing it when displeased. What are some signs? Anorexia may not be noticed in the early stages because it often starts as an innocent diet. In the later and more dangerous stages, family members may not notice the disease because the anorexic usually wears layered and baggy clothes (Costin, 138). However, there are many warning signs that a person is developing anorexia. An obsession with diet and exercise are two early signs that a person is becoming anorexic. This can include difficulty eating in public places or in front of others, secrecy about eating patterns and food intake, and excessive exercise despite visible weight loss. A pre- occupation with weight and body image develops, and the anorexic will frequently check their weight on a scale or examine their body in a mirror. Other warning signs include disturbed sleep, hyperactivity, irritability, social withdrawal, depression, sensitivity to cold temperature, and fainting spells. (Claude-Pierre, 202) What problems arise from it? The human body copes with periods of semi-starvation and weight loss fairly well. However, rapid weight loss, the use of vomiting or laxatives to promote weight loss, and the loss of more than 35% of normal body weight are all associated with danger. Prolonged weight loss during adolescence may eventually lead to permanent failure of normal growth and an increased risk of osteoporosis in later life. In extreme cases anorexia can lead to cardiac arrest and death, and it is estimated that up to 10% of known anorexics die from complications due to the illness. (Bruch, 147) Other physical problems associated with anorexia are dehydration, stomach pain, constipation, dry skin, decreased heart and metabolic rates, lowered body temperature, dizziness, fatigue, sleeping problems, headaches, cold hands and feet, and abnormalities of the menstruation cycle. (Costin, 167) What kinds of treatment are there? No generally recognized treatment or therapy for anorexia nervosa exists. Regaining normal weight with a normal eating pattern is the first step of treatment and when the illness is severe this may require admission to hospital. Psychotherapy, regular medical monitoring, and nutritional guidance should be part of any treatment program for anorexia. The goals are to restore weight to correct the effects of malnutrition, to control abnormal eating behavior and to prevent recurrence by addressing the associated psychological and family issues. Close cooperation among all medical, nutritional and psychological health professionals involved is important.

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See instructions - Research Paper Example In licensing this technology to foreign firms, the licensing firm stands a chance to lose the technology to the competitor (Wuhan University of technology, Para. 2). This is in the form of the competitor developing the technology beyond the level that it was originally. Proprietary technology is known to give an edge to the owner by denying competitors of the benefits it has to offer. Proprietary technologies owners use them as a source of revenue by controlling the market prices of their products, as well as those of their competitors (Economides & Katsamakas, 2006, Para. 1058). In such cases, the technology is used as a benchmark for market prices, and licensing it would, therefore, be a demerit to the owner. At the same time, licensing would be a good opportunity for the owners to up their performance by increasing the level of competition. With competition, they can provide better products and services to consumers (Business Wire, Para. 3). The advantage is, therefore, not lost in any way. Instead, it throws the competitors off balance due to the possibility that the technology owners may have better deals. Licensing proprietary technology is an outright loss of competitive advantage to the owners as a result of creating an alternative source of technology to consumers. This is because; licensing makes the technology open source. According to studies, proprietary technology tends to dominate the market while open source is always a runners up thus it should be avoided at all cost (Economides & Katsamakas, 2006, p. 1059). Economides, N., & Katsamakas, E. (2006). Two-Sided Competition of Proprietary vs. Open Source Technology Platforms and the Implications for the Software Industry.  Management Science,  52(7),

Carrer alternatives analysis report Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

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